India suspends the Treaty of the Water of the Indo due to the cross -border terrorism of Pakistan aimed at Jammu and Kashmir, breaching the obligations of the treaty. | Photo credit: ANI
India has informed Pakistan about his decision to maintain the treaty of the Indo’s waters in suspense with immediate effect, saying that Pakistan has violated the conditions of the treaty.
Cross -border terrorism sustained by Pakistan aimed at Jammu and Kashmiro prevents India’s rights under the swing of the Indo’s waters, said the secretary of Water Resources of India, Mukherjee, in a letter addressed to his Pakistani counterpart, Syed Ali.
“The obligation to honor a treaty in good faith is fundamental for a treaty. However, what we have seen to Inead is a cross -border terrorism sustained by Pakistan aimed at the territory of the Indian Union of Jammu and Kashmir,” the letter.
India’s decision to suspend the Treaty of decades follows the murder of 26 people, mostly tourists, in a terrorist attack in the pahalgama of Jammu and Kashmiro on Tuesday.
“The resulting security uncertainties have directly prevented the total use of their rights of India under the treaty,” said the letter.
Communication with Pakistan also highlighted “the demography of the population significantly altered, the need to accelerate the development of clean energy and other changes” as reasons that require a reevaluation of the treaty’s obligations.
He also accused Pakistan of violating the treaty by refusing to negotiate modifications, as required in article XII (3).
“… separated from other infractions committed by him, Pakistan has refused to respond to India’s request to celebrate negotiations as provided by the treaty and, therefore, violates the treaty,” said the letter.
“The Government of India has decided that the Water Treaty of the 1960s will remain suspended with immediate effect,” he added.
On Wednesday, India announced a series of measures against Pakistan, including the suspension of the Indo Water Treaty, the expulsion of Pakistani military attacks and the immediate closure of the Attari land traffic post.
Pakistan has rejected the suspension of India’s treaty and said that any measure to stop the water flow “belonging to Pakistan” under the pact will be seen as an “act of war.”
“Any attempt to stop or divert the flow of water belonging to Pakistan according to the Treaty of the Waters of the Indo and the usurpation of the rights of Low Riberary will be considered as an act of war,” according to an official statement by Pakistan.
The Treaty of the Water of the Indo, negotiated by the World Bank, has governed the distribution and use of the Indo River and its tributaries between India and Pakistan since 1960.
The Indo River system includes the main river, the Indo and its tributaries. The Ravi, Beas, Sutlej, Jhelum and Chenab are their tributaries from Banco Izquierdo, while the Kabul River, a tributary of the right bank, does not flow through the Indian territory.
The Ravi, Beas and Sutlej know collectively as the Eastern rivers, while the Indo, Jhelum and Chenab are known as the Western rivers. The water of this river system is crucial for both India and Pakistan.
At the time of independence, the limit demarcation between the two newly formed, India and Pakistan nations, cross the India basin, leaving India as the upper riverside and Pakistan as the lower riverside state.
Two key irrigation works, one in Madhopur in the Ravi and another in Ferozepur in the Sutlej, in which Punjab on the Pakistan side depended completely, ended within the Indian territory.
This led to a dispute between the two countries on the use of irrigation water of the existing infrastructure. After the negotiations provided by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (now part of the World Bank Group), the Indo Water Treaty was signed in 1960.
According to the Treaty, India received exclusive rights over the water from the Eastern Rivvers, the Sutlej, Beas and Ravi-Ravi-Ravi-Anvege Annual Flow of approximately 33 million Acres-Pie (MAF).
Western river water, Indo, Jhelum and Chenab, equivalent to an annual flow of around 135 MAF, were largely assigned to Pakistan.
However, the treaty allowed India to use Western rivers for domestic needs, non -insurmountable uses, agriculture and hydroelectric energy generation.
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Posted on April 25, 2025